What does an encryption key do in the context of ransomware?

In the context of ransomware, an encryption key plays a crucial role in the malicious process. When ransomware infects a system, it typically encrypts the victim's files, making them inaccessible. The encryption key is a piece of information used to encrypt and decrypt these files. Once the files are locked, the ransomware demands payment from the victim, promising to provide the decryption key needed to regain access to the files upon payment.

Thus, the primary function of an encryption key in ransomware is to lock files and restrict access, with the stipulation that victims can only access their data again after complying with the ransom demand. This highlights the key's significance in the ransomware's operation and how it targets victims' data to extort money.